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HPI050Cplus - HP 1055CMplus
KARTOGRAFISCH TIJ OSCH RIFT
ibcm Int. Bathymetric Chart of the Mediterranean
ibcca Int. Bathymetric Chart of the Caribbean
ibcea Int. Bathymetric Chart of the Central Eastern
Atlantic
ibcwto Int. Bathymetric Chart of the Western Indian Ocean
ibcwp Int. Bathymetric Chart of the Western Pacific
ibcao Int. Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean
ibcep Int. Bathymetric Chart SE Pacific
ica International Cartographic Association
ihb Internationaal Hydrografisch Bureau
iho Internationale Hydrografische Organisatie
ioc Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
(unesco)
ngdc National Geophysical Data Centre (Boulder,
Colorado)
scor Scientific Committee on Oceanographic Research
URL's
www. ngdc. noaa.gov/mgg/gebco
www.deos.tudelft.nl
2003-xxix-i
Summary
J.G. Ferwerda Charting the world seas and the role of the
GEBCO-programme
Keywords: production of geographic information,
background, hydrographic cartography, applications
The initiative to create the General Bathymetric Chart of the
Oceans was undertaken by Prince A lbert I of Monaco, in 1903.
Before 1922, when soundings were taken by sounding lead and
Line only, he used to compile the GEBCO charts himself aided by
just a handful ofscientists.
After the introduction of echosounders, the number of soundings
increased rapidly, and the registration and compilation was
handed over to the International Hydrographic Bureau and later
to a number of volunteer Hydrographic Ofßces, one of which was
the Netherlands HO.
Five consecutive editions ofthe GEBCO were published as paper
charts. In 1994 the first edition of the GEBCO Digital Atlas was
published, followed by an update in 1997.
Meanwhile, the Intergovemmental Oceanographic Organisation
(IOC) initiated various ocean-sounding programmes. The
measurements are integrated into the GEBCO, and the blanks are
filled in using modern interpolation techniques based upon gravity
anomaly measurements.
Although much work remains to be done, a comparison of the
various editions shows impressive improvement in sea floor
depiction.
Hewlett Packard
business partner
De Panoven 15A
4191 GW Geldermalsen
Tel.: (0345) 58 02 00
Fax: (0345) 58 01 88
Internet: www.gtr.nl
E-mail: info@gtr.nl
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