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Figure 4: Spectrum of Earth deforming processes. Several schematic examples of how the rheology
function may vary with frequency are shown.
Summary: Geology is an integral part of the study of the earth's dynamic behaviour. It provides
a kinematic description of the planet's motion and deformations from which the forces
acting on it can be inferred over a frequency range between seismic and and geological
observations. Numerous examples illustrate this close interaction of geology, geodesy and
geophysics. These include the planet's gravity field, its rotation and tides, and sea-level
change.
