Surveying in the Netherlands
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photogrammetrische Probleme; viele Auslander werden hier im Gebrauch
photogrammetrischer Verfahren und Instrumente unterrichtet.
Das Laboratorium fiir Geodasie der Technischen Hochschule in Delft
ist das wissenschaftliche Zentrum, an dem die Vermessungsingenieure ihre
Ausbildung erhalten.
An der Landwirtschaftshochschuie in "wageningen findet sich ein Labora
torium für Vermessungskunde, das der Ausbildung der kulturtechnischen
Ingenieure, der Forstingenieure und der Landschaftsarchitekten dient.
Until about 1930 the Cadastre was for practical purposes the only surveying
institution in the Netherlands. The maps used were based on measurements
obtained in the early nineteenth century in accordance with French in
structions. The scale most widely used was 12500 and this map generally
satisfied requirements of the society of that day. With modern developments
in public life, the need for accurate maps for varied purposes however
increased. In individual cases the Cadastre responded to these requirements
by new surveys, resulting in maps at 11000. In doing so, the Cadastre also
kept its legal object in view by giving the greatest possible attention to
accurate recording of the boundaries of real rights. In large engineering
projects however so many other data were often needed for technical plan
ning that the need was felt for other surveying organizations, with technical
aims of their own. Mention should be made of the Surveying service (Meet
kundige dienst) of Rijkswaterstaat, which is the government agency for
hydraulic and highway engineering, of the surveying departments of the
provinces Noord-Brabant and Overijssel and of the municipalities Amster
dam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, The Hague, Tilburg and Breda. Nederlandse
Spoorwegen (Neth. Railways) also created a separate service, followed by
Nederlandse Heidemaatschappij and Gront-Mij, and some private firms too
saw an opening for useful work.
Thus in the Netherlands at present there are quite a number of institutions
in the field of surveying. By its monopoly on the administration of real
property however, the Cadastre remains the central institution where in
collaboration with other services and private organizations all measurements
relating to boundaries of property are brought together. Such collaboration
often results in new cadastral maps at 11000, and a requirement on the